GrammarN3

6 chapters · 24 points

1. The four conditionals

5

〜ばIf ~ (conditional)〜たらWhen/if ~ (conditional)〜ならIf ~ is the case 〜さえ〜ばIf only ~ / as long as ~〜ば〜ほどThe more ~, the more ~

2. Reasons and contrast

4

〜のでBecause (polite reason)〜のにEven though / despite (disappointment)〜くせにEven though / despite (criticism)〜だけでなくNot only ~ but also

3. Occasions, decisions, rules

3

〜ことがあるThere are times when ~〜ことにするDecide to ~〜ことになっているIs supposed to / it has been decided that

4. Change, effort and staying put

4

〜ようになるCome to ~/ reach the point of 〜ようにするMake sure to / try to 〜ままAs it is / leaving ~ in that state 〜てはじめてOnly after doing ~ (realize/become)

5. Drawing conclusions

3

〜わけだThat's why / it means that 〜わけではないIt's not that ~〜わけにはいかないCannot do ~ (socially)

6. Standpoint and target

5

〜についてAbout / regarding 〜にとってFor ~ / from the standpoint of 〜に対してToward / against / in contrast to 〜によってDepending on / by means of 〜というよりRather than saying ~